全国名中医丁书文益气活血解毒法治疗心房颤动的处方用药规律挖掘＊

目的 丁书文教授创新性地提出了心系疾病热毒学说，运用益气活血解毒法治疗房颤疗效显著。本研究以丁教授多年的处方数据为基础，探讨丁教授益气活血解毒法治疗房颤的用药规律。方法 收集来自山东中医药大学附属医院门诊系统的丁书文教授处方数据，筛选出治疗房颤的372个处方，采用关联规则、点式互信息、复杂网络等数据挖掘方法对丁教授的药物配伍和处方进行分析。结果 本研究利用复杂网络分析方法获得了丁教授治疗房颤的核心处方，提示益气活血解毒法是其主要治则治法；利用处方相似性和社团分析方法，获得15组类方，其中3种类方与丁教授总结的三大治法高度符合；为探寻丁教授清热解毒配伍特点，结合关联规则和点式互信息算法，获得了10个丁教授清热解毒配伍药对。结论 数据挖掘技术提供了名医处方数据分析与提炼的可行方法，对丁教授经验的传承和临床应用提供直接可靠的依据。     

球囊仿生助产术在产科的临床价值

目的观察分析球囊仿生助产术在产科中的临床价值。方法选取本院(在2018年1月—2019年2月)收治的260例产妇,按照不同助产处理方法分为实验组(130例,实施球囊仿生助产术)和对照组(130例,实施常规助产术)。采用统计学分析两组产妇的顺产率、总产程时间(第一产程时间、第二产程时间)、平均产后出血量、并发症(会阴血肿、尿潴留)发生率以及新生儿窒息率。结果实验组产妇顺产率高于对照组(P<0.05),实验组新生儿窒息率低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组产妇的总产程时间短于对照组(P<0.05),实验组产妇平均产后出血量少于对照组(P<0.05),实验组产妇并发症(会阴血肿、尿潴留)发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论球囊仿生助产术在产科中的临床价值显著。     

Design,synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 4-(3-chloro-4-(3-cyclopropylthioureido)-2-fluorophenoxy)-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carboxamide (WXFL-152): a novel triple angiokinase inhibitor for cancer therapy

Angiokinases, such as vascular endothelial-, fibroblast- and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (VEGFRs, FGFRs and PDGFRs) play crucial roles in tumor angiogenesis. Anti-angiogenesis therapy using multi-angiokinase inhibitor has achieved great success in recent years. In this study, we presented the design, synthesis, target identification, molecular mechanism, pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) research of a novel triple-angiokinase inhibitor WXFL-152. WXFL-152, identified from a series of 4-oxyquinoline derivatives based on a structure–activity relationship study, inhibited the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes by blocking the angiokinase signals VEGF/VEGFR2, FGF/FGFRs and PDGF/PDGFRβ simultaneously in vitro. Significant anticancer effects of WXFL-152 were confirmed in multiple preclinical tumor xenograft models, including a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model. Pharmacokinetic studies of WXFL-152 demonstrated high favourable bioavailability with single-dose and continuous multi-dose by oral administration in rats and beagles. In conclusion, WXFL-152, which is currently in phase Ib clinical trials, is a novel and effective triple-angiokinase inhibitor with clear PD and PK in tumor therapy.     

Comparison of fiber tract low frequency stimulation to focal and ANT stimulation in an acute rat model of focal cortical seizures

BackgroundCurrent implementations of direct brain stimulation for epilepsy in patients involve high-frequency (HFS) electrical current and targeting of grey matter. Studies have shown that low-frequency (LFS) fiber-tract stimulation may also prove effective. To compare the efficacy of high-frequency grey matter stimulation to the low-frequency fiber tract stimulation technique a well-controlled set of experiments using a single animal model of epilepsy is needed.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to determine the relative efficacy of different direct brain stimulation techniques for suppressing seizures using an acute rat model of focal cortical seizures.Methods4-AP was injected into the S1 region of cortex in rodents over 3 h. LFPs were recorded from the seizure focus and mirror focus to monitor seizure frequency during the experiments. CC-LFS, HFS-ANT, Focal-HFS, or a transection of the CC was applied.ResultsStimulation of the CC yielded a 65% ±14% (p = 0.0014) reduction of seizures in the focus and a 97% ±15% (p = 0.0026) reduction in the mirror focus (n = 7). By comparison transection of the CC produced a 65% ±18% reduction in the focus and a non-statistically significant reduction of 57% ±18% (p = 0.1381) in the mirror focus (n = 5). All other methods of stimulation failed to have a statistically significant effect on seizure suppression.ConclusionsLFS of the CC is the only method of stimulation to significantly reduce seizure frequency in this model of focal cortical seizures. These results support the hypothesis that LFSof fiber tracts has significant potential for seizure control.     

Benign breast disorders

Benign breast disorders encompass a wide range of presentations and account for approximately 90% of breast outpatient referrals. Although the conditions discussed in this article are labelled ‘benign’, they can cause much anguish for the patient. A specialist breast clinician frequently has the privilege of being able to reassure patients in a single trip to the breast department and unburden them from their worry. One-stop breast clinics were designed to ensure that patients with worrying symptoms are promptly seen to aide early detection of breast cancer and optimize patient outcomes. The diagnostic multidisciplinary team consists of a specialist breast clinician, breast radiologist, pathologist and breast care nurses. Most patients with benign breast disorders can be reassured, with surgery limited to a few to aide definite diagnosis or as a last resort when conservative measures have failed. This is a comprehensive overview of benign breast disorders and covers all that is required for the MRCS examination and serves as a revision aide for FRCS candidates.     

硬膜外麻醉复合全麻对开胸手术患者早期恢复质量的影响

目的 探讨硬膜外腔阻滞复合全麻与肋间神经阻滞复合全麻对开胸手术患者早期恢复质量的影响。方法 选取择期行开胸手术患者76例，随机分为两组，硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组（E组） 、肋间神经阻滞复合全麻组（C组），每组38例。E组行硬膜外穿刺置管，术中0.2%罗哌卡因维持；C组行切口及上下肋间神经阻滞，两组全麻诱导及维持一致。采用术后恢复质量量表(quality of recovery QoR-40）对患者进行术前１天、术后３天恢复质量评分；采用视觉模拟评分法（Visual analogue scale VAS）对两组患者进行拔管后4h、8h、12h、24h 安静和活动后的VAS评分；同时记录首次下床活动时间及住院时间。结果 与C组相比，E组在术后３天QoR-40各项评分均高于C组（P<0.05）；E组静息和运动状态下术后各时间点VAS评分降低（P<0.05）；E组首次下床活动时间较早，住院时间较C组减少(P<0.05)。 结论 硬膜外阻滞复合全身麻醉用于开胸手术患者，不仅镇痛效果良好，还能明显提高术后早期恢复质量，缩短住院时间。     

住院医师规范化培训制度对临床医学生就业的影响

目的通过对2019年2月-2019年6月在西安交通大学第二附属医院实习的大学四年级及大学五年级的临床医学专业的医学生就业意向及就业情况的分析,研究住院医师规范化培训制度对医学生就业的影响。方法运用自制的问卷进行匿名填写的方式对大学四年级、大学五年级的临床医学本科生及5+3模式的规范化培训医学生进行调查。结果大部分医学生选择继续升学,选择就业的学生多愿意留在大城市就业,选择住院医师规范化培训的学生只占极少数。结论做好住院医师规范化培训政策的宣传,落实各项优惠政策,鼓励学生进行住院医师规范化培训及到基层工作,引导学生理性考研,是目前社会及医学院校就业指导中的重要内容。     

冠心病心绞痛患者健康教育和心理护理效果

目的探讨对冠心病心绞痛患者给予健康教育联合心理护理干预后对其生活质量等方面产生的影响。方法选择我院2017年4月-2019年2月收治的100例冠心病心绞痛患者作为实验对象;抽签法分组后探究每组患者护理方式;对照组(50例):选择基础护理方式展开疾病护理;试验组(50例):选择基础护理+健康教育+心理护理方式展开疾病护理;对比各组患者表现出的护理工作满意度以及生活质量评定差异。结果试验组冠心病心绞痛患者护理工作总满意度(98.00%)高于对照组(82.00%)明显(P<0.05);试验组冠心病心绞痛患者睡眠情感、社会生活、精力以及躯体活动评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论冠心病心绞痛患者在接受临床护理工作期间,对于护理工作满意度的提升,各项生活质量指标(睡眠情感、社会生活、精力以及躯体活动)评分结果的提升,均获得明显作用效果,最终对于冠心病心绞痛患者生活质量以及康复状态的显著提升,奠定基础。